GCE A-Level H2 Chemistry (9476)

Explore free, syllabus-aligned study notes for Singapore GCE A-Level H2 Chemistry. Each topic is broken into focused lessons with clear explanations, diagrams, examples and common examination mistakes to help you understand the Chemistry rather than simply memorise it.

Students following other A-Level Chemistry syllabuses may also find this guide useful, although exact syllabus coverage and examination requirements may differ.

For the complete examination requirements, refer to the official Singapore-Cambridge GCE A-Level H2 Chemistry (9476) syllabus published by SEAB .

Practise as you learn: All 64 A-Level Chemistry study notes include a 5-question Diagnostic Quiz and a 10-question Mastery Quiz — 960 practice MCQs in total.

Atomic Structure

The Nucleus of the Atom: Neutrons and Protons, Isotopes, Proton and Nucleon Numbers Electrons: Electronic Energy Levels, Ionisation Energies, Atomic Orbitals and Extranuclear Structure

Chemical Bonding

Ionic, Metallic, Covalent and Co-ordinate (Dative Covalent) Bonding Shapes of Simple Molecules and Bond Angles Bond Polarities and Polarity of Molecules Intermolecular Forces, Including Hydrogen Bonding Bond Energies and Bond Lengths Lattice Structure of Solids Bonding and Physical Properties

The Gaseous State

Ideal Gas Behaviour and Deviations from It pV = nRT and Its Use in Determining a Value for Mᵣ Dalton’s Law and Its Use in Determining the Partial Pressures of Gases in a Mixture

Theories of Acids and Bases

Arrhenius, Brønsted–Lowry and Lewis Theories of Acids and Bases

The Periodic Table

The Periodic Table

The Mole Concept and Stoichiometry

Relative Masses of Atoms and Molecules The Mole and the Avogadro Constant The Calculation of Empirical and Molecular Formulae Reacting Masses and Volumes of Solutions and Gases

Chemical Energetics: Thermochemistry and Thermodynamics (Gibbs Free Energy and Entropy)

Enthalpy Changes: ΔH of Formation, Combustion, Hydration, Solution, Neutralisation, Atomisation, Bond Energy, Lattice Energy and Electron Affinity Hess’ Law, Including Born–Haber Cycles Entropy and Free Energy

Reaction Kinetics

Simple Rate Equations, Orders of Reaction and Rate Constants The Concept of Activation Energy Effects of Concentration, Temperature and Catalysts on Reaction Rate Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis Enzymes as Biological Catalysts

Chemical Equilibria

Chemical Equilibria: Reversible Reactions and Dynamic Equilibrium

Acid-Base Equilibria

Acid Dissociation Constants, Kₐ, and the Use of pKₐ Base Dissociation Constants, Kᵦ, and the Use of pKᵦ The Ionic Product of Water, Kw pH and the Choice of pH Indicators Buffer Solutions

Solubility Equilibria

Solubility Product, the Common Ion Effect and Complex Ion Formation

Organic Chemistry Introduction

Empirical, Molecular and Structural Formulae Functional Groups and the Naming of Organic Compounds Shapes of Organic Molecules: σ and π Bonds

Isomerism

Isomerism: Constitutional (Structural), Cis–Trans and Enantiomerism

Organic Reactions and Mechanisms

Common Terms for Organic Reactions and Reactivities Reactivity of Some Classes of Compounds and Their Characteristic Organic Reaction Mechanisms

Hydrocarbons

Alkanes (Exemplified by Ethane) Alkenes (Exemplified by Ethene) Arenes (Exemplified by Benzene and Methylbenzene) Hydrocarbons as Fuels

Halogen Derivatives

Halogenoalkanes Relative Strength of the Carbon–Halogen Bond Unreactivity of Halogenoarenes

Hydroxy Compounds

Alcohols (Exemplified by Ethanol) Phenol

Carbonyl Compounds

Aldehydes (Exemplified by Ethanal) Ketones (Exemplified by Propanone and Phenylethanone)

Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives

Carboxylic Acids (Exemplified by Ethanoic Acid and Benzoic Acid) Acyl Chlorides (Exemplified by Ethanoyl Chloride) Esters (Exemplified by Ethyl Ethanoate and Phenyl Benzoate)

Nitrogen Compounds

Amines (Exemplified by Ethylamine and Phenylamine) Amides (Exemplified by Ethanamide) Amino Acids (Exemplified by Aminoethanoic Acid)

Polymers

Addition and Condensation Polymers Proteins Biodegradability of Poly(alkenes), Polyesters and Polyamides

Electrochemistry

Redox Processes: Electron Transfer and Changes in Oxidation Number (Oxidation State) Electrode Potentials Electrolysis

An Introduction to the Chemistry of Transition Elements

General Physical and Characteristic Chemical Properties of the First-Row Transition Elements, Scandium to Copper Colour of Complexes

Scroll to Top